Powerful yet graceful through the water with an ability to pursue prey over great distances, the blue. Goblin shark's skin/scales have the ability to. 10 Basking Shark. What makes goblin sharks’ diet so terrifying is their unique hunting style. #7 Goblin Shark. What Do Goblin. Discover the 10 Most Dangerous Animals Found in. Cladoselache. Goblin Shark. It lives in very deep water, far from humans, and it is thought to be a poor swimmer and have bad eyesight. Sharks come in all shapes and sizes, from the 17m whale shark to the 20cm dwarf lanternshark and from bizarre-looking sharks such as the hammerhead to the horrendously ugly goblin shark. com member to unlock this answer!. They likely use their electrode-sensitive rostrum to detect. And So Many More Scary Fish! New species are always being discovered, and the deeper we look, the weirder. 1 cm TL) were collected with bottom gillnets along a steep slope of the Tokyo Submarine Canyon (100–350 m depth). 27). The basking shark can reach lengths of up to 12 metres and is second in size only to the gigantic whale shark. Bull Sharks. It inhabits the continental shelf, from sandy shorelines (hence the name sand tiger shark) and submerged reefs to a depth of around 191 m (627 ft). Goblin sharks can also thrust. Wobbegong sharks aren’t considered dangerous to humans, although accidental injuries have taken place when the shark has accidentally been trodden on or handled. Due to the blood vessels that are close to the skin, the shark has a. State. This helps them avoid dangerous prey items, which might have a bad taste. The sharks in Sharknado are probably more dangerous just by virtue of being large and flying through the air than intentional malevolence. The goblin shark ( Mitsukurina owstoni) is a rare, poorly-known species of deep-sea shark. As recently as September 2021, CNN reported that a 64-year-old man who was in his fishing vessel untangling rope from his propeller fell into the water. 01 mile) as measured by a floating ruler, which was a speed of 24. Females can be a maximum of 11 inches long. Goblin Sharks can grow to be over 12 feet long! 2. 3 percent are Vulnerable, and 14. The bites are not fatal. 5. Despite its unusual appearance, little is known about this incredible creature, including its conservation status. No shark hibernates. 6 meters) long, goblin sharks are hefty creatures, weighing in at about 400 pounds (181 kilograms) [source: Florida Museum of Natural History]. Portuguese Dogfish. Little is known about their behavior, reproductive cycle, or precise life span due to their rarity. Whale sharks are filter feeders and are the largest fish in the ocean. Two of the largest sharks are the whale shark and basking shark. The goblin shark (Mitsukurina owstoni) is a rare, poorly understood species of deep-sea shark. However. . (Video) 8 years ago. Scientifically named Chlamydoselachus Anguineus, it is so old that it is considered a living fossil. The third most dangerous shark in the world is the bull shark. 6/15. October 13, 2012 Reply. Goblin Shark. Published October 8, 2015. Very old. 4 percent are Critically Endangered, 3. Frilled Shark Fast. Conservation. Two of the largest sharks are the whale shark and basking shark. Do Goblin Sharks Still Exist? Yes, goblin sharks still exist. The claw-like jaws of a Goblin shark can catch prey up to three inches out of their mouths and have teeth that are sharp. The Megamouth shark is a species of rare deep-water shark from the family of Megachasmidae. The largest goblin shark ever caught was 210 kilograms and was 12 feet long, or 3. 25 of the Most Dangerous Animals in the World. Unfortunately, they cannot be kept in captivity, surviving merely a few days to a week under such conditions. They went extinct around 260 million years ago. It is mostly found in cold and temperate waters of the North Atlantic Ocean. 9 feet; the maximum these sharks can reach is 6. 15-20 feet. Great white sharks are also considered one of the most dangerous sharks, but they are not known to be man-eaters. 2 to 3. The shark-monitoring group notes that. What do goblin sharks look like?Goblin Shark. A comparison can be seen in Figure 1. Is it possible that goblin sharks are aggressive? Despite their wide-opening jaws and strong upper teeth, goblin sharks are only dangerous to marine animals. Great white sharks are known as the most dangerous of the shark species because of their sheer size and their quick mind that make them the ultimate predator. Another important fact is that they aren’t really good swimmers making it less of a threat and more vulnerable to attack by other sharks. Chondrichthyan - Cartilaginous, Sharks, Rays: The classification of chondrichthyans is a somewhat controversial subject. Hazin & Afonso [26] found that, over a four-year. A full grown Goblin Shark will be from 8 feet to 12 feet in length, with females usually being larger than the males. Carcharhinus perezi. Riding whale sharks is stupid and dangerous. Goblin Sharks are pinkish-grey to purplish-gray in color and have a flabby body with small fins. The biggest known specimen was a male whose length was 1. It is then that the others begin to attack and end with the prey. GOBLIN SHARK. The Ampullae of Lorenzini is capable of picking up even the tiniest of electrical impulses produced when the muscles move. Some sharks may have bursts of speed up to 23 miles per hour; however, most sharks maintain a cruising speed of about 5. That's the goblin shark, an aptly named monstrosity from your worst nightmares. The bite was also the second most powerful of any animal on Earth with the first being the crocodile. Bluntnose Sixgill Shark. [1]. 8. Great whites are enormous,. Goblin sharks might look like a nightmare, but there's so much to learn about them! This episode of Animal Fact Files discussed goblin shark facts. ∙ 14y ago. Dr. In general, Greenland sharks are not counted among the most. It also consumes cephalopods and crustaceans, including decapods and isopods. Tasselled wobbegongs get their name from Australian Aboriginal language. The Goblin Shark is a demersal (dwelling at or near the bottom) to mesopelagic inhabitant of outer continental shelves & slopes found at depths ranging from 40-1,200 meters. There are no reported incidents of Goblin Sharks attacking humans. This deep-sea dwelling shark is rarely seen by humans, as it. There is no way to contact it, and it lives in extremely deep water far from humans, so it is thought to. The first name is Greek in origin, from the word prion meaning ‘saw’ and akis meaning ‘point’ referring to its conical nose and teeth. Are Goblin Sharks Dangerous? Humans are not in danger from the Goblin Shark. 1 feet or sometimes longer. Lemon Shark. The goblin shark Scapanorhynchus owstoni (Jordan, 1898): confi rmation of the first Australian record. 1) Goblin Shark. Known for their distinct, extendable jaws, long snout, and jagged teeth. Greenland Shark The goblin shark is the last member of the Mitsukurinidae family, which goes back 125 million years. The rare goblin shark lives at the bottom of the ocean, and stalks the waters along continental shelves. As a whole, the Goblin Sharks are fascinating creatures in the deep ocean, providing a unique perspective on the depths. The goblin shark lives at depths of several thousand feet and gets its name from Japanese legends of dangerous creatures with long noses and red faces. 4 feet. Its name comes from the deep gills on both sides of its body. Home; Shark Species;. Known for their distinct, extendable jaws, long snout, and jagged teeth. This is a list of some of the weirdest sharks in the world and their most. The Goblin, Sandtiger, Megamouth, threshers, Basking, and the Great White Sharks. The Chain Catshark’s skin is yellow and brown with dark brown markings that resemble a chain, which is how this cutie got its name, and these markings help camouflage it from predators. Sharks with sharp teeth are not dangerous to humans, but they primarily consume fish, mollusks, and crabs. A 72-million-year-old fossil specimen of Prognathodon—a genus of mosasaur—found in a Jordanian quarry in 2008 revealed fin-like soft-tissue imprints along its tail. 5 meters) in length and can gain a weight of 135. Boag said the frilled shark was caught in about 3,300 feet (1,000 meters) of water. The goblin shark can be found at depths ranging from 100 to 1,300 meters, and its pinkish hue is unique to it. Goblin sharks can thrust their jaws three inches out of their mouths to. Chain Catshark. The goblin shark feeds mainly on teleost fishes such as rattails and dragonfishes. They are often found in deep waters and are not considered to be a threat to humans. Goblin sharks swim in the deep sea and are distinguished by their long snout. While not entirely confirmed, it is. Currently, due to a lack of tangible research and information – there are no actual species-specific management plans in place to conserve goblin sharks. ”. Because of their hostile nature, you may be left to wonder what it is that goblins fear. It sounds like an unlikely match, but this highly mobile, predatory fish has been recorded to attack. Although you’re more likely to get killed by lightning (or even cows who kill about 20 people yearly), the fear of death by a shark attack is universal. Although Greenland sharks are quite dangerous to sea creatures, they are seldom viewed as a danger to humans. In a 2016 study in Nature , researchers were able to video these sharks for the first time and gain an understanding of how their jaws have adapted for them to thrive in deep seas where food is. Adults can swim between 900 and 4300 feet above sea level, while juveniles can swim as far as 90 feet under water. In 1898, American ichthyologist David Starr Jordan described the first known instance of the Mitsukurina owstoni. Not aggressive. Unlike most sharks, the Chain Catshark has green and yellow eyes that are more reptilian or feline than shark-like. The Goblin Shark is a rare species in the family Mitsukurinidae (order Lamniformes) that lives at the bottom of the ocean along continental shelves. The body is semi fusiform and allows them to reduce the use of energy in the water. To date, there are no documented cases of a Goblin Shark ever attacking a human. The experiment validated Casagrande’s method, but the speed is. The Porbeagle Shark, also called Lamna nasus, comes from the family of Lamnidae sharks. Given that the goblin shark likes to keep to itself, researchers have long wondered about its feeding behavior and how it survives in the ocean deep. 35m. Carl Moore / NOAA. After death, their entire body becomes swollen with blood and turns bright. That's the goblin shark, an aptly named monstrosity from your worst nightmares. 00000001. Weird But True! Subscribe 1 / 3 Goblin sharks can thrust their jaws three inches out of their mouths to catch prey. At maturity, males measure between 95cm to 1. Most of the sharks known to attack humans are not even large. 7. The length and width of its teeth are variable because those that are near the. Goblin sharks have rubbery skin rather than denticles, so lack the protection those tooth-like structures provide. The deep-sea anglerfish is angry-looking and ranked as one of the ugliest sea creatures. At night, Cookiecutter Sharks move closer to the surface to feed, but they still stay at least 90 m (300 ft) deep. 1) Goblin Shark. Share. A team of researchers from Tokyo Submarine Canyon examined 121 Goblin Sharks for their stomach contents as part of their study. The goblin shark is an intriguing deep-sea creature known for its unique appearance and hunting behavior. The Frilled Shark is a fascinating creature. Goblin sharks usually hunt for teleost fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans. Great white sharks are the most aggressive and dangerous sharks in the world. ARE goblin sharks dangerous. They have also lived in the waters around Africa for more than 16 million years, as noted by Right for Education. Interesting Tasselled Wobbegong Facts. 4. The rare goblin shark is known as a “living fossil” because it was once thought to be extinct and its body has evolved very little over 125 million years. The Goblin shark sweeps its snout like a metal detector. They are slow-moving and neutrally buoyant. For this reason, they are sometimes referred to as the “eel shark. In general, sharks can live between 20 and 30 years at sea. The rarest shark is the goblin shark, which is known for its unique appearance with a long protruding snout. Dragonfish, rattails, anglerfish, and teleostific species are among. Aggressive. This is mostly due to the fact that they live so deep in the ocean, around 100 meters or 330 feet. 6 feet (3. Their eyes are large and have protective third eyelids. The Whale shark is the world’s largest living shark! Oh, and wait, if that’s not enough it is the LARGEST LIVING FISH as well! Whale sharks can grow up to 40-45 ft. The "goblin shark" is a rare species of deep-sea shark believed to have been around dating back 125. It has been known to attack people, which makes it one of species of shark that people most fear. A total of 148 specimens of Mitsukurina owstoni were examined for morphology, distribution, stomach contents, and reproductive condition. The species has been around for approximately 125 million years. This unique-looking shark is easily identified by its long snout, protruding jaws, and semitranslucent skin. In fact, some harmless sharks can be so friendly they seem more like puppies than hunters!. Most lamnoids are active, apex predators and some are considered dangerous to humans (the name derives from lamia, a horrible, serpent-like monster of Greek mythology with a taste for. is nicknamed “hobgoblin shark” in Spain and “imp shark” in France. Goblin sharks might look like a nightmare, but there's so much to learn about them! This episode of Animal Fact Files discussed goblin shark facts. Thankfully, their slow swimming speed. 2. Their few known threats are the accidental catch, mainly on the coasts. Great hammerhead will occassionally engage in cannibalism. However, these unique sharks are tough to find – they live almost a mile below sea level, so scientists don’t really know a ton about them. . Goblin sharks have very slow reproductive rates, and female goblin sharks may not reach sexual maturity until they are over twenty-five years old. Greenland. Habitat, Size and Photos. Bull Sharks. There have been very few instances of recorded, unprovoked goblin shark attacks on humans. Even with that, there are only nine recorded attacks on humans, including one fatality, by shortfin makos. Science Reporter. It is often sighted swimming close to the surface, huge mouth open, filtering 2,000 tons of seawater per hour over its complicated gills to scoop up zooplankton. 4-5 feet. Class Chondrichthyes contains the subclasses Elasmobranchii. The goblin shark feeds mainly on teleost fishes such as rattails and dragonfishes. 3 m), these sharks have not been known to attack humans. Many sharks, skates, and rays are difficult subjects for taxonomic study. Goblin sharks are one of the most rare of all shark species, and seldom come into contact with people. While the majority of. How Many Goblin Sharks Are Left. 8–196. They are heavy-bodied, broad-headed sharks with broad, rounded snouts and ventral mouths containing 6 rows of blade-like (saw-like), comb-shaped teeth. Though they are one of the largest predatory sharks in the ocean, measuring up to a whopping 24 ft (7. Off the coast of Taiwan, a colossal goblin shark weighing 1,760 pounds (800 kilograms), carrying six sizeable offspring, has been captured. “We got there right as it was finishing. Their anal fins are smaller than their dorsal fins. The most dangerous of all sharks is the great white. Goblin Shark Description. 75 miles per hour. The taxonomic review provides principal identifying characteristics of all major extant groups. The truth, however, is that even the most dangerous shark species rarely attack humans — and when they do, it’s usually an accident of mistaken identity. Wikipedia. Goblin sharks are opportunistic predators that feed on a variety of fish, including deep-sea species like lanternfish and dragonfish, as well as bottom-dwelling creatures like crabs and shrimp. Which shark variety is the most dangerous? Great Hammerheads. Goblin shark prefers eating teleost fishes. 3. The Goblin Shark (Mitsukurina owstoni) (Courtesy of Wikimedia Commons) The goblin shark is reminiscent of a prehistoric dinosaur with its long snout, small eyes and jagged teeth. The great white is one of the most dangerous of the three. Goblin Shark is not a threat to humans and is not considered to be dangerous. Spinner Sharks. Any truly dangerous shark that size, even as a juvenile, would have bitten clear through the neoprene and at least cut flesh. A Goblin shark has been discovered in a variety of parts of the world, including the three major oceans. Goblin Shark. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean, chiefly around Australia and Indonesia, although one species (the Japanese wobbegong, Orectolobus japonicus) occurs as far north as. The Goblin shark wasn’t discovered until 1898, and it looks like a modern dinosaur. The shortfin mako shark – nicknamed ‘the cheetah of the ocean’ – is one of the world’s fastest sharks and can reach speeds of up to 45 mph. However, it has been found hunting between. 5 feet. Japanese Sawshark Facts. The goblin shark differs from other shark species by having a flattened snout that protrudes from the top of its head, resembling the blade of a sword. Dragon Sharks are a large and dangerous type of shark. Wobbegong is the common name given to the 12 species of carpet sharks in the family Orectolobidae. Goblin sharks can extend their jaws out almost as far as their snout tip, and they can open up their massive mouth to a 111-degree angle to catch prey of significant. 909what do you know about sharks? b OUTLINE Each orange question is a subheading that introduces a new main idea. The dragon sharks have clawed. This elusive creature is often found in the depths of the ocean, making it difficult for. These lethal creatures include the blue shark, silky shark, shortfin mako shark, and oceanic whitetip shark. The majority of goblin sharks studied by humans have been caught as bycatch in commercial fishing, and plenty of people may not even know that they exist. It is darker with a dusky or blackish coloration on the ventral underside. and Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) are the most dangerous sharks overall, based on attacks on man. Goblin sharks are a rare deep-sea shark species, primarily found off the coast of Japan. Whale Shark. Carl Moore / NOAA. Here are some fun facts about them: 1. From freshwater to saltwater, bull sharks are one of the few species that can live for long periods of time in both. org. 3 m/s). Lastly, “shark compatibility” refers to how a species would interact with other creatures in a tank. 5 to 10 feet long, these are the apex predator of their food web. Home; Shark Species; Shark Anatomy; History of Sharks; Shark Facts & FAQ’s;. The biggest recorded tope shark weighed about. The goblin shark is not fished commercially, and is only rarely captured accidentally in fisheries targeting other species. Averaging around 12 feet (3. Its appearance is almost ethereal, with a long, thin body and an elongated snout. It also has a distinctive color that ranges from pinkish grey to purplish grey. Class Chondrichthyes contains the subclasses Elasmobranchii (sharks and rays) and Holocephali (chimaeras. Goblin sharks look like they belong in another dimension! By Dianne Bray / Museum Victoria via Wikimedia commons. See moreIT GETS ITS COMMON NAME FROM A JAPANESE DEMON. Necropsy reports on the nearly-18 foot individual caught in a net in the gulf showed that the jaw musculature of the fully developed adult goblin shark in question was approximately equal to an average human bite. As a result, they may be less willing to take on potentially dangerous prey, like other sharks and stingrays. Of all the sharks on this list the hammerhead, and in particular the great hammerhead shark ( Sphyrna mokarran) are the only one to have a fatal attack attributed to them. 8 m) (Castro, p. But in the case of the goblin shark, not one scientist actually saw the creature that caused such a stir. The sharks likely have no relationship to each other but are drawn there by external factors that appear to be linked to the. The. Sharks have been around for over 400 million years and have had a lot of time to adapt to their environments and lifestyles. The Goblin Shark – The Scariest of All Deep Sea Animals. and Tiger Shark (Galeocerdo cuvier) are the most dangerous sharks overall, based on attacks on man. Goblin sharks. Updated: 12/13/2022. A shark’s teeth can measure up to 6. Goblin shark predators. 7. A satiated shark may not eat again for several weeks. 7m and the largest female was slightly larger at 2m. Goblin Sharks get their name from their unusual faces that have characteristically long noses and protruding jaws, making them resemble the mythical creature, a goblin. The Goblin Shark mostly feeds on fish, mollusks and crab, and it poses no real danger to humans. They live in slow moving rivers in the Amazon river basin of south america. 6 meters) long, goblin sharks are hefty creatures, weighing in at about 400 pounds (181. Another name for this species is elfin shark. You can identify goblin sharks — a rare, bottom-dwelling species — by the shape of their snouts, which are elongated and flattened. They have two fins and a set of five gills as they. However, there is a difference as the upper teeth are stout and triangular, while the lower teeth are narrower, though both have. They have been found ‘sleeping’ in caves and on the ocean floor, behavior that is still unexplained. Great White Sharks also have incredibly powerful jaws lined with nearly 300 teeth. Counting since the year 1898, 36 goblin sharks have been found. Nat. It lives in the ocean depths of the Indian Ocean (to the west), the Pacific Ocean (also to the west), and the eastern. They have extremely small, tooth-shaped scales. Nightmare Face: In-game, the goblin shark's face is so terrifying that it causes divers to hallucinate an illusionary goblin shark. Only one extant species (Mitsukurina owstoni) is known, on the basis of a few specimens, although fossils of. It’s when the jaws then explode from the face and engulf an unlucky fish that these slingshot. Etymology. 921. Goblin Shark. There are 13 species of lamniform sharks alive today; these include mako sharks (the Isurus genus), deep-sea goblin sharks (Mitsukurina), and thresher sharks (Alopias), as well as great whites. The scientific name of the goblin shark is Mitsukurina owstoni. 5 YEARS LONG. Thresher sharks are solitary creatures that keep to themselves. On the other hand, Goblin Sharks sometimes fall prey to other sharks, like the Blue Shark, themselves. The Goblin Shark is the only species in the family Mitsukurinidae. Get details about their size and aggressiveness. The goblin shark rarely comes into contact with humans, but due to its large size, it is potentially dangerous. The Goblin Shark is the oldest living species of shark on the planet and is considered a “living fossil. The goblin shark is considered to be one of the rarest species or types of shark. Let's div. Newly hatched sharks are 3. 921. The most distinctive aspect of this deep-ocean shark is it’s bizarre, alien-like snout and jaw. No, they are fish. Many scientists see the bull shark as the most dangerous shark in the world because they can live in both freshwater and salt water and they live in close proximity to where people are. They are also more merciful than one may think. Goblin sharks might be one of the nightmares of the ocean, but they pose no harm to humans. Due to its deep-sea habitat, humans don't encounter it very often in the wild, but it is luckily not a very fast swimmer, nor an adept pursuit predator. The Goblin shark can be found in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, as well as the Japanese coast. Goblins are commonly afraid of horses and, to a lesser extent, dogs; more specifically, they fear white animals. Malibu Shark Attack. 8. Copy. The lamnoids include some of the most spectacular and popular sharks. Garbage has been recorded from the stomachs of some specimens. Map Of The Silky Shark’s Habitat. A goblin shark is extremely rare, and the last time one was discovered was in Australia in 2015. A rare goblin shark —a "living fossil" that closely resembles ancient shark species —was caught alive recently in Tokyo Bay, only to die within days. Mariana Trench animals: Goblin shark (Mitsukurina owstoni)Goblin sharks were first described over one hundred years ago, but still don’t know a huge amount about them because they live so deep. Goblins eat fish and crabs with is safe for the Goblin shark diet. Goblin Sharks are very different from. It reaches a length of 2. Goblin shark (scientific name Mitsukurina owstoni ) is a species of shark rarely seen, as it inhabits deep waters up to 1,200 meters deep. The first scorecard came on October 4, 1997, when orcas killed and partially ate a white shark within view of a whale-watching boat. It has a flat head, two large dorsal fins of similar size, one convex pectoral fin and one pelvic fin with concave back edges. At the same time ferocious, friendly and. The Goblin Shark mostly feeds on fish, mollusks and crab, and it poses no real danger to humans. The short answer, the average swimmer is likely to encounter goblins attacking humans, even the goblin sharks, such as 0. Parvaiz Yousuf. > Check the status of the goblin shark at the IUCN website. The largest frilled shark male on record measured 1. It is also what makes them so scary!As you know Goblin sharks are bottom dwellers, and the food is abundantly available near the floor of the ocean. Copy. For example, most public aquariums like to keep sharks that look predatory and menacing, such as the Sand Tiger Shark, as they tend to look “shark-like. The shark took two seconds to swim 72 feet (0. You might be afraid of. While it can bite humans if. 5 feet long (at their shortest), they typically live in the northern region of the Pacific Ocean. Species. 7 km (2. This slow-moving migratory shark is the second largest fish, growing as long as 40 feet and weighing over 5 tons. Wiki User. Greenland Shark. There are no reported incidents of Goblin Sharks attacking humans. At this time, scientists say humans do not have anything to fear from the goblin shark. The gills give it a unique fringed appearance rather than the smooth, streamlined body of other sharks like the Great White. The porbeagle can get as large as 12 feet long and 500 pounds, but is only considered moderately dangerous to humans. 1 meters per second —… Read More »How Fast Are. Goblin sharks are not dangerous to humans. Baby shark do do. Shark jaw bones are "free floating" in the muscle of their jaws. Greenland Shark. The tiger shark has one large and one small dorsal fin. This Sawshark’s long “nose” makes up about 20% of the body’s entire length. -Carl Moore / NOAA. Goblin sharks have a protruding snout that looks like a pointy sword. They usually inhabit deepwater rocky habitats, though they are occasionally encountered in shallow water, and have been known to return to. Shark Research Institute PO Box 40, Princeton, NJ 08542, USA 609. Shark tag recovered from village toiletGoblin Sharks consume a variety of fish, mollusks, and crabs in addition to fish, mollusks, and crabs. That is why we were taught to never judge the book by its cover. The Goblin Shark not considered dangerous to humans. Goblin Shark doesn’t like sunlight and lives in the depth from 270 m to 1300 m (890 ft to 4300 ft). It grows up to 7 metres in length and is a filter feeder, alongside the whale shark and basking shark. It only lives in the deep water with only little light. ∙ 10y ago. The Rise of the Jaw-Slingers. They dwell in the. Following successful campaigns by WWF, TRAFFIC, and other like-minded organisations in 2013 and 2016, 17 species of shark and ray got listed on CITES Appendix II. Brown or gray above, paler below, with a light. Sawshark. 9 mi) every day, approaching the surface at dusk and.